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I further take geomancy ( ʿilm al-raml) as a test case, since Yazdī wrote a tract in defense of the popular divinatory science that directly rebuts Ibn Ḫaldūn’s arguments in the Muqaddima. Geomancy entails an acute level of environmental reading that, quite apart from its sacred purpose, was likely critical to human survival: to avoid danger to.
GEOMANCY READING SERIES
The most prevalent form of divinatory geomancy involves interpreting a series of 16 figures formed by a randomized process that involves recursion followed. 858/1454), Ibn Ḫaldūn’s younger colleague and fellow resident in Cairo, as his sparring partner from the opposing camp: the Timurid historian was a card-carrying occultist and member of the Iḫwān al-Ṣafāʾ network of neopythagorean-neoplatonic-monist thinkers then gaining prominence from India to Anatolia via Egypt. Geomancy (Greek:, 'earth divination') is a method of divination that interprets markings on the ground or the patterns formed by tossed handfuls of soil, rocks, or sand.
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That it also flatly opposed the forms of millennial sovereignty that would define the post-Mongol era was equally disqualifying. 751/1350) puritanical project in particular and in any event, the eager patronage and pursuit of the occult sciences by early modern ruling and scholarly elites suggests that his appeal could only fall on deaf ears. 784/1382-791/1389 and 792/1390-801/1399) court reveals it to be not forward-thinking but rather conservative, fideist and indeed reactionary, as such closely allied with Ibn Qayyim al-Ǧawziyya’s (d. Restoring the historian’s argument to its original state of debate with the burgeoning occultist movement associated with the Mamluk sultan Barqūq’s (r. 808/1406), whose anti-occultist position in the Muqaddima is often assumed to be an example of his visionary empiricism yet his goal is simply the recategorization of all occult sciences under the twin rubrics of magic and divination, and his veto persuades more on religious and social grounds than natural-scientific. The late 8th/14th century saw a renaissance of high occultism throughout Islamdom-a development alarming to puritan scholars.